Frequently Asked Questions

Citizenship by investment includes routes such as real estate, bank deposits, government debt instruments, investment fund units, fixed capital investment, the private pension system (BES) and employment. The minimum amount is USD 400,000 for real estate and USD 500,000 for the other monetary routes; the employment route requires the employment of 50 people. The appropriate method is determined by evaluating the investor's plan and documents together.

The real estate route requires at least USD 400,000; the bank deposit, government debt instruments, fund units, fixed capital and BES routes each require at least USD 500,000 or the equivalent in foreign currency (the employment route requires the employment of 50 people). For most of the monetary routes, the investment must be maintained for at least three years, and the foreign currency brought in must be converted into Turkish Lira through a bank and documented with a Foreign Currency Purchase Certificate. Amounts may change depending on legislation.

Real estate worth at least USD 400,000 must be purchased, and an annotation prohibiting sale for three years is placed on the title deed; the value is determined by a valuation report from a company licensed by the Capital Markets Board. Payment is made in foreign currency, converted into Turkish Lira through a bank and documented with a Foreign Currency Purchase Certificate.

Turkish Citizenship by Real Estate — More Information

Foreign currency equivalent to at least USD 500,000 is converted into Turkish Lira through a bank and kept on deposit for at least three years. As long as the amount does not fall below the threshold, returns such as interest, or profit share in participation banking, may be received during this period.

Turkish Citizenship by Bank Deposit — More Information

Yes. Foreign currency equivalent to at least USD 500,000 must be converted into Turkish Lira, and the government debt instruments purchased with it must be held for at least three years.

Turkish Citizenship by Government Debt Instruments — More Information

This route can be used where a fixed capital investment of at least USD 500,000 is made; it is essential that the investment be made in foreign currency and documented with a Foreign Currency Purchase Certificate. Eligibility is reviewed according to the nature of the investment and the determination of the relevant authority.

This route can be considered where units of a real estate investment fund (GYF) or a venture capital investment fund (GSYF) equivalent to at least USD 500,000 are held for at least three years.

This route can be considered where a contribution equivalent to at least USD 500,000 in foreign currency is made to the private pension system and remains in the system for at least three years. It is essential that the contribution be made in foreign currency and documented with a Foreign Currency Purchase Certificate.

Turkish Citizenship by the Private Pension System (BES) — More Information

Yes. The total value of several properties can meet the threshold, and these properties may be located in different cities. The properties must be included in the same application and documented with a valuation.

Uncompleted or off-plan properties may be considered under certain conditions. Eligibility should be reviewed before the application, based on the title deed/condominium easement status, the contract and the payment structure.

Under certain conditions, a property sales promise agreement drawn up before a notary may also serve as the basis for an application. Eligibility is evaluated according to the terms of the agreement and the project.

Yes. Situations such as buying from the applicant's spouse or children, from persons of the same nationality as the applicant, or purchasing a property that was previously used for citizenship may raise eligibility problems. The seller's status should be checked before the purchase.

No. Two people cannot apply separately on the basis of co-ownership (shared ownership) of a single independent unit; each independent unit must have a single owner. For both persons to apply, each must be the sole owner of a separate property worth at least USD 400,000.

Yes. Within the same investment, with no additional amount required, the applicant's spouse and children under the age of 18 can be included in the file. The documents of each family member should be reviewed separately.

Some stages can be completed through a power of attorney without coming to Türkiye; making the investment and obtaining the certificate of eligibility can be handled in this way. However, the investor and spouse must be present in Türkiye at the residence permit and citizenship application stage.

The legal reason for the rejection or delay is reviewed. Depending on the file, an administrative appeal, an annulment lawsuit and other judicial remedies are evaluated separately.

The appropriate type of residence is determined according to your purpose of staying in Türkiye, your family situation, and education, real estate, treatment, investment or other legal grounds. It is important to carry out an eligibility assessment before applying.

No. Real estate ownership can serve as the basis for a short-term residence application under certain conditions, but it does not create an automatic right. This route requires conditions such as the property being residential in nature, having a value of at least USD 200,000 according to a valuation report, and not being located in neighborhoods closed to residence. (The thresholds differ: USD 400,000 for citizenship and USD 200,000 for residence.)

For short-term residence based on real estate, the property must be residential in nature; properties such as land plots or fields are not eligible for this application.

In general, a residence permit alone does not provide the right to work. To work, a suitable work permit or a work permit exemption under the legislation must be in place.

Since a work permit also serves in place of a residence permit, its cancellation ends this basis. Whether the person has another basis for residence should be evaluated separately.

Leaving the country while a residence application is being processed may be possible; however, the consequences, depending on the duration and the type of application, should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.

The date of notification and the grounds of the rejection decision should be reviewed first. Since administrative and judicial appeal periods may vary depending on the file, the decision should be submitted for legal assessment without delay.

Eligibility, remote work and income documents, the Digital Nomad Identification Certificate, the required visa and the residence procedures after entry into Türkiye are evaluated together on a case-by-case basis.

First, the duration and basis of the entry ban and the nature of the restriction code are determined. Depending on the file, options such as an administrative appeal, a visa with a special annotation, or a lawsuit may be considered.

No. A deportation decision and administrative detention in a removal center are separate administrative acts, and the legal remedies available against them may also differ.

INAD refers to the situation in which a foreign national is not admitted to Türkiye at the border gate. The passport, travel document, entry requirements and related administrative records are reviewed on the basis of the file.

Depending on the country where the document was issued and the type of document, an apostille, consular legalization, translation and notary procedures may be required. The same procedure is not applied to every document.

A Potential Tax Identification Number may be required for foreigners in banking, title deed, tax and various official procedures. Depending on the type of procedure, the number can be obtained through a power of attorney or together with the applicant.

The acquisition of real estate by foreign individuals is subject to the Land Registry Law and the relevant restrictions. Eligibility for acquisition, with respect to both the buyer and the property, should be checked before the title deed transfer.

The title deed record, owner, attachments, mortgages, annotations and other encumbrances, as well as the seller's authority, the contract, the project and the payment terms, should be reviewed before the transaction.

With a suitably broad power of attorney, many title deed, contract and related transactions can be carried out by proxy. Stages that require personal attendance, depending on the nature of the transaction, are evaluated separately.

No. Conditions such as the buyer's residency status, the nature of the property, the first-delivery requirement, and the payment and the manner in which the foreign currency is brought into Türkiye must be met together.

Opening a bank account is subject to the bank's customer acceptance and compliance procedures. By preparing the Potential Tax Identification Number, identification, address and other documents requested by the bank, the process can be coordinated in person or, where the bank accepts it, by proxy/remotely.

In the purchase of real estate by foreign individuals, and particularly in citizenship-related transactions, the consistency of the bank payment chain with the Foreign Currency Purchase Certificate and the transaction file is important.

Yes. Foreign individuals and legal entities can be shareholders of companies in Türkiye. The company type and the partnership and representation structure should be determined according to the purpose of the investment and the business model.

These structures differ in terms of legal nature, authority to operate, representation and administrative obligations. The most suitable structure is determined on a case-by-case basis according to the commercial activity planned in Türkiye.

Yes. Ongoing legal counsel can be provided on trade registry procedures, representation and signature authorities, commercial contracts, notices, termination, and disputes prior to litigation.

The exemption can be evaluated for persons who meet the residency and prior-period conditions set out in the legislation. Legal eligibility and the Exemption Certificate process are reviewed; tax calculation and filing are carried out by an independent financial advisor or tax advisor.

The law firm reviews contracts, companies, powers of attorney and other legal documents, while financial and customs procedures are carried out by independent authorized professionals. The necessary coordination of information and documents is provided.

D7 has an application structure based on passive income, D8 on remote work/digital nomad status, and D2 on entrepreneurship or independent professional activity. The appropriate program is evaluated according to the person's income, work and business model.

Depending on the scope of services for the file, AIMA documents, appointments and residence procedures can be followed in coordination with authorized professionals in Portugal.

No. E-1 is a treaty trader visa, E-2 is a treaty investor visa, and EB-5 is an immigrant investor program subject to investment and employment requirements. Their application structures and legal requirements differ from one another.

The new service structure includes the Greece Golden Visa, the Bulgaria D visa/residence for retirees, and the Romanian citizenship programs. Files are handled in coordination with authorized professionals in the relevant country.

No. File preparation, legal review and coordination are provided in Türkiye; where local representation or a legal opinion under foreign law is required, authorized independent attorneys and professionals in the relevant country act.

In administrative lawsuits, time limits may vary depending on the type of decision and the date of notification, and they are important enough to cause a loss of rights. As soon as the notification is received, the decision should be submitted for legal assessment.

An eviction undertaking, unpaid rent, need, the need of a new owner, two justified notices and other grounds in the law may serve as the basis for the eviction process, depending on the circumstances of the file.

Under suitable conditions, enforcement or litigation routes can be planned together for the collection of rent receivables and for eviction. Which route of proceedings will be used is determined according to the contract and the status of the debt.

Depending on the nature of the objection, legal remedies such as the removal of the objection or the annulment of the objection may come into play. The file is evaluated on the basis of the type of proceedings and the available documents.

Depending on the type of judgment, a recognition or enforcement decision may first be required in Türkiye. Foreign court judgments or arbitral awards that have become enforceable can be enforced in Türkiye.

A certificate of inheritance requested by a foreign heir cannot be issued by a notary. The certificate of inheritance is obtained by applying to the Civil Court of Peace.

No. For a foreign heir, obtaining a certificate of inheritance through the court does not in itself mean that it is a contested inheritance lawsuit.

When assets in Türkiye pass by inheritance, an inheritance and transfer tax return and related tax office procedures may come into play. The necessary tax documents are also followed up separately before the title deed and bank transfers.

With a suitable power of attorney, a significant part of the court, tax office, title deed, bank and estate division procedures can be carried out by proxy.

If there is a dispute over heirship, the estate, the will or the division, the file is evaluated separately as a contested inheritance and estate dispute, and the necessary litigation routes are determined.

For a foreign divorce judgment to affect the population registry and other legal consequences in Türkiye, administrative registration or a recognition/enforcement process may be required, depending on the nature of the judgment.

The conditions for recognition or enforcement are evaluated according to the content of the judgment, whether it has become final, and the result sought to be achieved in Türkiye.

Within the framework of applicable international conventions and Turkish private international law rules, the recognition/enforcement of foreign arbitral awards and their subsequent enforcement may be possible.

Depending on the country where the foreign official document was issued, the form of certification and the type of population procedure, apostille/consular legalization, translation and the relevant population application are coordinated.